A few weeks ago I
sat by my computer while my friend Rotimi Olawale attempts to ‘tweet’ recent
developments from Nigeria’s education sector to me. Apparently, the Executive
Secretary of National Universities Commission (NUC) was on a television
programme that evening revealing to Nigerians certain moves Nigerian education
authorities were making. As I reflected after we had vigorously debated the
proposed policies on the social networks and resolved that we are not quite
headed the right way.
You may recall
that in January 2012, President Goodluck Jonathan had, while presenting awards
to 52 best NYSC corp members also offered them automatic employment into the
civil service and awarded them scholarships to undertake both Masters and Ph.D.
studies in any institution in any part of the world. That evening, more recently,
the NUC boss had announced a similar offer.
He had reported that the President
has directed the NUC to design a scheme to sponsor first class graduates from
Nigeria to any top 15 university in the world. If you are wondering how and why
the NUC was reduced to preparing candidates for the top 15 universities of the
world, you are not alone. But these are very juicy offers that many Nigerian
youths would wish they benefit from – but I am not qualified; I was not the
best Corper nor did I earn a first class degree.
If you have paid
any attention to national and regional examination results of Nigeria you will
be amazed. It seems increasingly obvious that the pass mark of 5 credit passes
in NECO and WAEC Senior Secondary Certificate Examinations (SSCE) is beyond the
reach of majority of candidates.
JAMB UTME results are in my opinion, a little
more positive although I wonder why this is so since most students sit for both
examinations. Studying in a Nigerian university is not an easy feat; the odds
are amazingly high that an applicant will not gain admission. In 2012, we
learned that 1.5 million students took JAMB’s UTME; but we also knew from
earlier reports that Nigeria’s 100 universities only have a combined capacity
of about 100,000 places for beginners annually. So we know that whatever
happens, 1.4 million (14 out of every 15) JAMB applicants will not get into the
Universities in 2012.
Over the coming
years, many youths who do get into the Universities would be confronted with
rapists, robbers, cultism, exam malpractices and grade-fixing cartels,
sex-for-grades, nepotism and corruption, plagiarism and other ills before they
graduate. They will also worry about lack of accommodation, strikes, acute
electric power shortages, school fees hikes, the financial situation of parents
and sponsors (or the possibilities to work and pay their way through school).
Note, whenever they graduate, only a tiny minority would earn the first class
degrees to qualify for NUC’s scholarship. As the rest plough miserably through the
labour market, I worry that perhaps the NUC has combined the gold, the silver
and the bronze medals and awarded them to the first class scholars.
There is
unemployment across every level of education (PhD, Masters and Bachelors) – and
that is not unique to Nigeria. Also, those who earned first class degrees or
graduated from prestigious foreign institutions are not immune from
unemployment either. So it does not seem very clear what the government wants
to achieve through this selective programme of unlimited (unbudgeted?) and
foreign training for first class degree holders and youth corp graduates who
were outstanding (some having executed outstanding projects like renovating
schools with financial resources from God-knows-where).
One wonder if the
Government is really convinced that there is a shortage of Masters and Ph.D.
holders in Nigeria (when was the last time the Federal Civil Service Commission
recruited new civil servants, though?). Perhaps the Government thinks that
Nigeria is under-represented in the top 15 foreign institutions of learning.
One also wonder if the vacancies that the foreign-educated scholars are needed
to fill is only open to the Government-trained scholars – because we know many
other young Nigerians with similar degrees who do not seem to realize that the
government needs them to fill certain postings. It could be valid to speculate
that the Nigerian universities are incapable of giving the type of education
that our Government envisages for the scholars it is sending abroad – but that
would be a question for the Government itself to try to answer.
What one worries
about is that the Government’s reward system in education as exemplified by
these scholarships is excessively selective. With this policy, the message to
Nigerian students is simple: if you don’t get a first class, I know you not.
This might help a lazy student to work harder, but it may also inspire the
corrupt minded student to embark on schemes. To the youth corp member, the
message is: whatever you do, get on the award list. And it is doubtful that
teaching in an obscure primary school every day for a year would get one on the
awards list. As the government has rolled out its initiative, it is critical
for us youths to reflect on what our country needs of us.
We have to provide
policy review and feedback to our leaders and to evaluate how sustainable such
policies will be. Perhaps in 20 years, every first class degree holder and the
best corp members in Nigeria would have returned with the best foreign PhD. The
question we ask is “then what?”
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